ReasonForOurHope

Wednesday, May 13, 2020

Feast Day of Our Lady of Fatima 2020

photo by TrapistMonkStuff


Today is the Feast of Our Lady of Fatima.

As I've written on this blog before, Our Lady of Fatima has been an important source of spiritual growth in my life.  Her message of prayer, penance, and peace is one to which I often aspire, but as often fail.

She came at a time of war and within a year, little Jacinta and Francesco Marto had died in the Spanish Flu pandemic.  And yet, she is a constant sign of hope from Heaven.

I would like to invite you in joining me in prayer to Our Lady of Fatima with a Fatima Litany:

Our Lady of Fatima,pray for our dear country.
Our Lady of Fatima,sanctify our clergy.
Our Lady of Fatima,make our Catholics more fervent.
Our Lady of Fatima,guide and inspire those who govern us.
Our Lady of Fatima,cure the sick who confide in thee.
Our Lady of Fatima,console the sorrowful who trust in thee.
Our Lady of Fatima,help those who invoke your aid.
Our Lady of Fatima,deliver us from all dangers.
Our Lady of Fatima,help us to resist temptation.
Our Lady of Fatima,obtain for us all that we lovingly ask of thee.
Our Lady of Fatima,help those who are dear to us.
Our Lady of Fatima,bring back to the right road our erring brothers.
Our Lady of Fatima,give us back our ancient fervor.
Our Lady of Fatima,obtain for us pardon of our manifold sins and offenses.
Our Lady of Fatima,bring all men to the feet of thy Divine Child.
Our Lady of Fatima,obtain peace for the world.
O Mary conceived without sin,pray for us who have recourse to thee.
Immaculate Heart of Mary,pray for us now and at the hour of our death. Amen.
Let Us Pray
O God of infinite goodness and mercy, fill our hearts with a great confidence in Thy dear Mother, whom we invoke under the title of Our Lady of the Rosary and our Lady of Fatima, and grant us by her powerful intercession all the graces, spiritual and temporal, which we need. Through Christ our Lord. Amen.
(source ewtn.com)

Monday, May 11, 2020

New Evangelizers Post: Evangelization By Listening


I have a new article up at NewEvangelizers.com.  

The goal of evangelization is not to win arguments.

If you are a reader of this website, you probably come here sometimes for answers on how best to answer some religious objection you’ve encountered or for some new way to explain the truth of Christianity to someone who is opposed. And to be sure, logic and apologetics has an incredibly important place in this process. We are defenders of truth and we must fight for that truth at all costs.
But the mistake many of us make, including myself, is to try to win the argument. This looks at the encounter with our theological opponent as a joust of words and we use arguments as weapons to disarm and defeat them. In this way, we somehow think our arguments can conquer them for Christ. But that looks at it all wrong.

We don’t want to win the argument.

We want to win the person.

I have found that when entering an argument, instead of reaching the opponent to change their minds or hearts, the opposite occurs. Arguments often impel us to fight back and defend our positions, even if they are on shaky ground. You can see this especially if the debate is public, for example on the internet. There is a lot of pressure to not lose face and admit that you are wrong. So it sometimes occurs that our opponent will dig into a theological position simply to not have to admit defeat for others to see.
Once when I was in class, I had a student who insisted that the unborn child was simply an extension of the mother’s body because they were attached. I dismantled her argument by showing her how absurd her position was by asking her this: “Are conjoined twins the same person if they are attached to each other?” It would be ridiculous for her to hold that these twins are the same person, but it would have to be true if physical attachment meant the fetus was simply a part of the mother. But she answered “Yes” to my question. She could not admit defeat so she had to defend an illogical position.

In moments like these, I sometimes use them as an opportunity to give light to the others who are listening. They can see before them the light of reason shines brighter. But even in those cases, there has been a failure to reach the arguer. I know that not everyone’s heart is open and I know that I am not the greatest apologist for the faith. But the question remains: how do we reach those who have their mental defenses up?

I think we can look to St. Dominic for inspiration.

In the High Middle Ages, a heresy arose that began to sweep through Europe called Albigensianism. These heretics believed that all material things, including the human body, were evil. As a result, they embraced lives of poverty, criticized the worldliness of the Church, and condemned marriage. Obviously, their central thesis about matter being bad must be refuted. God made all things, including the material world. And all things made by God are good.

But one of the reasons that the Albegensians had such power was that they tapped into some truths that were evident at the time. Particularly, the Church was in much need of renewal because of its exceeding worldliness in that era. St. Dominic could have simply engaged in apologetic jousting to defeat his opponents. The danger here is that it might cause those sympathetic to these heretics to dig into their position. Instead, St. Dominic did something quite radical.

St. Dominic listened to them.

When I say he simply listened to them, I don’t mean that he heard their arguments, analyzed them, and then figured out a way to defeat them. Instead, he sought to truly and fully understand their beliefs. And then he did something even more radical:

St. Dominic agreed and defended his opponents’ beliefs when he could.

He was able to find the truth of their beliefs that was mixed with the error and then he was able to stand with them to defend the truth they held in common. St. Dominic understood that they were correct that the Church had become too worldly. So he started one of the first mendicant or “begging” religious orders. He and his followers voluntarily embraced poverty so as to be more detached from worldly desires. They also took vows of chastity and remained celibate. In outward appearance, they seemed to be the same as the Albegensians. But they took these radical vows not as a condemnation of the material world as evil, but as a sign one can live in this material world while keeping your heart in the next world.

As a result, the Dominicans won over many Albegensians until the heresy essentially became no more. St. Dominic never compromised essential truth, but he was humble enough to reach out to the truth held by his opponents.

You can read the whole article here.

Sunday, May 10, 2020

Mother's Day 2020





We went to the cemetery today.

My mom has been gone for two and half years, and I still miss her every day.

Strangely, thought, today was not a melancholy day.  My family gathered at the grave.  My wife arranged for a nice bouquet to be placed and my nieces and nephews had made paper flowers that were as beautiful as they were wholesome in their childlike innocent devotion. 

We stood around in masks, of course.  Being so close to each other without embracing broke my heart a little.  But to be reunited with them, to be in their presence was invigorating and joyful.  As we stood around our mother's grave, our talk was jovial, even in the sadness of the setting.  My eldest nieces prayed a Hail Mary at the grave and we spent time in remembrance of her.  A fresh grave was dug very closely to mom and one of my little nieces commented on how that "wasn't very nice."

Part of me feels a little guilty that the time was so light-hearted, but it's what my mother would have enjoyed.  And reunions with those we love should be times of joy.

Being so close to everyone but having these social distancing barriers between us made me think of my mom now.  I still talk to her every day.  As a Catholic, I believe in the communion of saints and that our relationship didn't end when she left this world.  But there is a real barrier between us, just like there is between my family gathered at the grave.  But despite the sadness, I know that the barriers between us will one day melt away.  I'm not just talking about the social distancing and the masks.  I'm also talking about that barrier of death.  I call to her into the great silence, but for now I can receive no answer. 

But I know that even this barrier of death will be removed. 

If I am judged mercifully, then one day I will see my most beloved mother again.  I will see the woman who gave me life and loved me into becoming the person I am now.  When that time comes, though I hope it is not anytime soon, she will be proud of the man I have become since our parting.  On that day I will rejoice.

Because reunions with those we love should be times of joy.

Until then, I continue to pray her this Mother's Day and every day until the end of all things.

And my thoughts and prayers are with all of the mothers who read this post.  God bless.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

TV Review: Ozark


File:Ozark TV series logo.png

I think Breaking Bad is one of the greatest TV shows ever made.  As dark as the show became and as Walter White descended further into evil, the show nevertheless had a strong hold on the viewer.  It did quite an amazing feat in that you understood that Walter was clearly in the moral wrong, but you never stopped rooting for him to somehow turn it around.

I bring this up, because I think perhaps Breaking Bad set the bar too high.

Ozark is a Netflix series that recently released its third season.  What intrigued me most about the show most was the unusually high number of people who compared this show to Breaking Bad.  With the lockdown in place, my wife and I decided to give it a try.

What I found was that Ozark was not the next Breaking Bad.  It was the new Sopranos.  And for me, that is not necessarily a compliment.

Ozark focuses on the Byrde family.  The father, Marty (Jason Bateman), is a money manager who launders money for the 2nd largest drug cartel in Mexico.  When he and his business partner run afoul of that cartel, Marty makes a desperate bid to save his life and life of his family: let them go to the lake of the Ozark and set up multi-million dollar laundering network.  His cartel handler Del (Esai Morales) knows Marty's skills and is intrigued enough to let him start this venture on a probationary basis.  But if he does not meet the cartel's expectation, his entire family dies.

On top of this, Marty has learned that his wife Wendy (Laura Linney) has been having an affair.  Saving her life is more of a calculation to keep their family intact.  Wendy, knowing already of Marty's life, becomes his default business partner.  They have to then uproot their children from their current life.  Teenager Charlotte (Sofia Hublitz) is understandably upset and middle-schooler Jonah (Skylar Gaertner) takes his confusion out in strange ways.  Once in the Ozark, things immediately derail from the plan.  For reasons I won't get into here, Marty's life becomes intwined with the non-juvenile teen criminal Ruth (Julia Garner) and her family.  Ruth is cunning, though lacking in book-smarts.  She alternately is an aid and an obstacle to the Byrd's goals.

The acting on this show is fantastic.  This is some of the best work Bateman has done, all the while he keeps everything very restrained.  Linney also does a great job, overwhelmed by the state of her family's survival while continuing a loveless marriage.  Garner is a real standout as Ruth, allowing her to play the contradictions of youth and innocence with sin and cynicism.  The writing is also very sharp, allowing a great deal of subtext laying on the table for the audience to pick up, causing us to be more actively involved in the story.  And the directing has been consistently strong, using powerful visuals to draw us in while maintaining the show's bleak tone.

However, this is where the show's similarity to The Sopranos becomes its biggest detriment.  I watched the first two full seasons of The Sopranos and then began the third.  But a switch went off in my head and I dropped the show cold.  The epiphany I came to was this:  "All of these characters are terrible and spending time wallowing in their evil is incredibly unpleasant."

That is how I feel about Ozark.

Where Breaking Bad spoiled me is that there was this wonderful moral tension in the show where you didn't want Walt to get caught, but you also didn't want him to get away with it.  For a good portion of the show, it always felt like Walt's redemption could be just around the corner.  A few choices and he could drink the wholesome, but bitter cup of justice.  But you never get that sense from the Byrd family.

Marty fancies himself as, if not a good man, at least not an evil man.  He is a pure pragmatist who does what he can to achieve his goal.  But there is no sense that he wrestles with the moral implication of what he is doing.  Wendy also is morally bankrupt.  At least Walter White could feel his soul slipping from his hands.  Marty and Wendy are already soulless.  Yes, they try to avoid hurting people unnecessarily.  But even that is not an impediment to their self-preservation.

This plays out most clearly in the story of Mason the preacher.  I will not spoil what happens, but this very sincere and earnest Christian is caught up in Marty's schemes with tragic consequences.  I don't mind that bad thing happen to good people in fictional stories.  This only serves to enforce their realism.  But the whole series feels very Godless and Christless.  Life in Ozark is but a walking shadow, with no sense of deeper meaning or transcendence.  With the exception of Ruth, most of the characters simply descend deeper and deeper into the abyss.  In fact, in the third season, Wendy does something that is Walter-White-level evil.  She emotionally distraught by this choice, but it feels so hollow, like a self-indulgent expulsion of emotion without any moral insight.

After three seasons, I think I am done with Ozark.  The souls of the characters continue to circle the path to destruction without reaching out for any kind of redemption.  Unless something radically changes, I don't think I can stare into that abyss any more.

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Film Flash: Zombieland - Double Tap

Four people stand ready with weapons. Behind them, partly obscured, is a monster truck and a signpost for Graceland Tennessee.
15 words or less film review (full review to follow soon)

Like reheating your favorite pizza: enjoyable for what it is, but not as fresh.


Sunday, May 3, 2020

Sunday Best: STAR WARS SAGA Films Ranked (Updated 2020)


Tomorrow is Star Wars Day and The Rise of Skywalker will be officially released on Disney+.  I thought it would be a good time to make a definitive list of where all SAGA films (Episodes I-IX) rank.

I did a similar list last December before the final film came out.  The list also included the non-SAGA movies, but they have been omitted here.  Much of the text remains from the previous post.

My assessment of the ranks may be a little odd for most people.  In fact, when I told one person a few years ago, he said to me point-blank (and without humor), "You're insane."

So below is how I would rank the Star Wars movies.

9.   Star Wars Episode VIII: The Last Jedi
Star Wars The Last Jedi.jpg
This movie is half-great.  The problem is that the B-story isn't just bad, it is completely pointless.  Nothing of consequence occurs in that B-story.  A number of people attack the film because of the portrayal of Luke.  I disagree.  I think that the guilt-ridden Luke was a fascinating take on the character.  If only writer/director Rian Johnson was not so obsessed with subverting expectation, then he could have made the story work better for all Star Wars fans.

8.  Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace
Illustration depicting various characters of the film, surrounded by a frame which reads at the top "Every saga has a beginning". In the background, there is a close-up of a face with yellow eyes, and red, and black tattoos. Below the eyes are a bearded man with long hair, a young woman with face paint and an intricate headdress, three spaceships, a short and cylindrical robot besides a humanoid one, a boy wearing gray clothes, a young man wearing a brown robe holding a laser sword, and an alien creature with long ears. At the bottom of the image is the title "Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace" and the credits.
I love this film for what it is: a fun adventure for kids.  It also has one of the best lightsaber duels in the entire franchise.  The main flaw is how talky it is as it gets bogged down in space politics.  It also misses the opportunity to establish a strong friendship between Padme and Obi-Wan.  But despite its flaws I can still get a great deal of enjoyment from this film.

7. Star Wars Episode IX: The Rise of Skywalker
Star Wars The Rise of Skywalker poster.jpg
If this movie didn't have to work so hard in the first half to undo the damage of The Last Jedi, then it could have had more room to breathe.  I really loved seeing Rey, Poe, and Finn finally have scenes together to let their chemistry work.  If they had set up Palpatine in the previous film, there could have been a more seamless transition to this.  But the film we actually got feels too rushed.  However, I can say that I truly enjoyed the last half as much as anything in the Sequel trilogy.



6.  Star Wars Episode VII: The Force Awakens

I did not mind that this movie was a rehash of A New Hope's plot or that they killed off one of the main characters from the original.  This movie delivered on what it promised: Star Wars style fun and space adventure.  The opening was strong and JJ Abrams understood the visual vocabulary of George Lucas' universe.  And the moment Rey force grabs the lightsaber is as iconic as anything in the other Saga films.

5. Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones
Film poster. A young man is seen embracing a young woman. A man holds a lightsaber. A battle scene is in the middle, and in the lower foreground, there is a man wearing a suit of armor.
While they could have done a better job of showing Padme fall in love with Anakin, everything from the Genoshian arena until the end is gold.  All of that is a spectacle bigger than any we had seen in a Star Wars film until that point.  And the moment when Yoda draws his lightsaber... pure movie magic!

4.  Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope
Film poster showing Luke Skywalker triumphantly holding a lightsaber in the air, Princess Leia kneeling beside him, and R2-D2 and C-3PO behind them. A figure of the head of Darth Vader and the Death Star with several starfighters heading towards it are shown in the background. Atop the image is the text "A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away..." On the bottom right is the film's logo, and the credits and the production details below that.
This is the one that started it all.  George Lucas took the universal story of the hero and turned it into an epic that no one had ever seen before.  It was so strange and yet so hauntingly familiar.  It is still as thrilling and compelling as it was over 40 years ago when it was released.  To this day, that final run on the Death Star Trench will have me on the edge of my seat and cheering.

3.  Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith

As I wrote above, someone told me I was insane for putting this one above A New Hope.  But when you look at the Saga movies as a whole, you can feel the power of Revenge of the Sith.  Anakin's fall to the dark side is so horribly tragic because you can see how morally trapped he feels.  All of his relationships fall apart because the only help he gets is from the one who wants to destroy his soul.  The last act perfectly captures the fall of man and how it plunges everything into darkness.

2. Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back
. This poster shows a montage of scenes from the movie. Dominating the background is the dark visage of Darth Vader; in the foreground, Luke Skywalker sits astride a tauntaun; Han Solo and Princess Leia gaze at each other while in a romantic embrace; Chewbacca, R2-D2, and C-3PO round out the montage.
What this movie understood more than anything was Aristotle's principle that plot is character.  The whole movie is about how are characters are changed by the ordeals they face and the people that they face them with.  It never failed to turn out a story of truly epic scale and spectacle, but director Irvin Kershner turned the narrative inward and explored the souls of the characters involved.  Like that one cryptic shot of helmetless Darth Vader, the real story was beneath the surface.

1.  Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi
. This poster shows a montage of characters from the movie. In the background, Darth Vader stands tall and dark in front of a reconstructed Death Star; before him stands Luke Skywalker wielding a lightsaber, Han Solo aiming a blaster, and Princess Leia wearing a slave outfit. To the right are an Ewok and Lando Calrissian, while miscellaneous villains fill out the left.
This is my favorite movie of all time.  This is the end point of the Original Trilogy and in brought the entire story to the most satisfying conclusion I could imagine.  It turned the entire trajectory of the narrative from defeating Darth Vader to saving Anakin Skywalker.  It was something I did not expect and changed the way I looked at the world.  The bright colors, the epic adventure, the iconic moment, and the fantastic story all culminate into the greatest of all the Star Wars films.

Period.

Thoughts?

Friday, May 1, 2020

May 1st 2020 - Feast of St. Joseph the Worker

File:Anton Raphael Mengs - The Dream of St. Joseph - Google Art Project.jpg


40 days ago, we were told to shelter in place.  In that time we have been doing our best to go on with life as normal while our economy came to a dead halt.  Most of us understood that there was real danger from this virus, maybe not for ourselves but for those who are most vulnerable in our society.  And as much as it may hurt us, most Americans were willing to endure some sacrifice for the greater good.

Now, on this the Feast of St. Joseph the Worker, businesses are slowly beginning to open up.  We are reminded in the image of St. Joseph about the dignity of work.  There are many people who are struggling because they don't have the income they need to meet their needs.  But on top of this, work gives us a chance to participate in the creative and fruitful action of God.  In the Garden of Eden, Adam worked the land before labor became a toil.  We all complain about our jobs, but our work can give us purpose.  Work can also fill us with a sense of satisfaction and accomplishment when we achieve our goals. 

St. Joseph worked every day to provide for the Incarnate Word and the Immaculate Conception.  Our work allows us to take care of those we love and it gives us the opportunity to be generous with our talent and our treasures.  As much effort as it takes to do our jobs, I can imagine that there will be some measure of relief as many of us go back to work.

As we do, there is still the risk of sickness.  Today, let us pray through the intercession of St. Joseph the Worker.

St. Joseph the Worker, keep us safe as we begin to return to work.

St. Joseph the Worker, give gainful employment to all who are seeking it.

St. Joseph the Worker, grant success to the work of our hands so that we may be generous like you Son.

St. Joseph the Worker, let everything we do in our work be for the greater glory of God.

St. Joseph the Worker, pray for us!